* Main raw materials: silica sand (silica),soda ash, limestone, and
cullet (recycled glass) , etc.
* Accessories: such as coloring agents, degassing agents, etc., used
to adjust the color and properties of glass.
Batching
Batching
*These raw materials are carefully measured and mixed to form
a batch.
Melting
Melting
* The mixed batch is fed into a furnace where it is heated to
extremely high temperatures (around 1,700 to 2,000°C or 3,100 to
3,600°F) to melt the raw materials into molten glass.
Forming
Forming
* Shape the glass into bottles using forming machines. Common
methods include the blow-and-blow process for narrow-neck
bottles or the press-and-blow process for wide-mouth containers.
Annealing
Annealing
*Lehr: After forming, the bottles are gradually cooled in a controlled environment known as an annealing lehr.
*Temperature Control: The cooling process is gradual and carefully
controlled to prevent the glass from cracking or breaking.
Surface Treatment
Surface Treatment
* Clean the bottle to remove dust and other dirt generated during the production process.
Coating and Printing: Coating, printing labels, or other decorative
treatments as needed.
Packaging
Packaging
* Finished bottles are packed and prepared for shipping. Packaging may include wrapping, boxing, or palletizing.
QC Inspection
QC Inspection
* Inspection: Bottles are inspected for defects, such as bubbles,
cracks, or imperfections. Modern manufacturing often
involves automated systems that use cameras and sensors to
detect flaws.
*Testing: Bottles might be tested for strength and other properties to ensure they meet industry standards.
